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¿Qué es la gastroscopia?

Salud Mar 10, 2019

La gastroscopia es el examen endoscópico del estómago y el esófago que permite la visualización directa del aparato digestivo, utilizando un tubo de luz flexible y estrecho.

Se realiza habitualmente para intentar averiguar las causas de las molestias del paciente como dolores abdominales, náuseas… y también forma parte del estudio previo necesario para la operación de bypass gástrico. Este aparato está equipado con una luz fría que se transmite por medio de un sistema de lentes para poder ver desde el exterior lo que recorre el extremo del tubo.

Gracias a esta práctica, pueden detectarse tumores de manera precoz mediante la extracción de mucosas que después serán analizadas. Esta parte del proceso no es dolorosa. Dentro del tubo hay un espacio desde donde se toman las biopsias.

Para la preparación, es necesario que el estómago esté completamente vacío, por lo que se debe evitar tomar cualquier tipo de alimento desde la noche de antes. Si necesita tomar medicamentos, deberá hacerlo lo antes posible y con pequeños sorbos de agua. El paciente debe indicar si es portador de prótesis valvular cardíaca o si tiene otros problemas cardíacos o respiratorios, enfermedades infecciosas, así como si toma anticoagulantes.

En general, esta prueba se realiza sin anestesia, aunque pueden utilizarse cualquier tipo de sedantes en vena. Esta posibilidad existe para aquellas personas que son muy nerviosas, aprensivas o tienen un miedo excesivo, pues de esta manera se realiza sin causar molestias. Lo que siempre se utiliza es un spray sedante con anestesia local en la boca y en la garganta, ya que así se disminuyen los reflejos y, por lo tanto, las ansias y vómitos. Se coloca también una boquilla para proteger la dentadura.

  • Cirugía bariátrica
  • Cirugía de la obesidad
  • Gastroscopia
  • Obesidad
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